Types of embroidery by hand with a cross, satin stitch, beads and ribbons: types of stitches
A special flavor is acquired by works made by one's own hands in techniques that have a historical pedigree. Beads, ribbons, threads – that's, in fact, all you need to plunge into the world of fine needlework.
The myth that embroidery is a complex, painstaking task, accessible to a few, disappears as soon as you master the basics of any of the techniques. Most of them are based on techniques that are striking in their simplicity. Whatever types of embroidery you choose, be sure to join the ancient, but living applied art is much easier than you think.
Types of hand embroidery
Nobody knows their exact number. You can create unique works using any materials – only your own imagination can limit their choice. It doesn't matter what you choose as expressive means – the simplest floss or expensive beads, and even the plot: naive drawings or reproductions of paintings by great masters. Hand embroidery opens up unlimited scope for creativity and personal imagination – any of your work will be unique.
Types of hand embroidery are conditionally divided into two classes: the first is simpler, the second is a little more difficult. But in any case, it is worth considering that it is better to master the skill with simple techniques and plots.
The so-called "counting" type is considered the simplest: a cross and some types of smooth surface. In the work on them, the “cells" of the canvas or warp threads are counted, adhering in detail to a carefully calculated ready-made scheme. This is a great way to master the basics of craftsmanship, feel and work out the technique of needlework, which is called “at your fingertips”.
The second type of hand embroidery, which is also not difficult, but gives more room for creativity, is free. To perform such work, you do not need a scheme and an accurate calculation. Only a contour drawing on a base or canvas, which, like pencil strokes, is filled with colorful stitches. Such work is carried out according to the principle of children's "coloring", in this technique they use both a wide variety of threads and ribbons.
Embroidery: types of seams
Regardless of the complexity of the work or the chosen technique, the seams in this type of needlework technique are the simplest. The secret is that the magnificent texture of the finished work is created due to the characteristics of the material, it and carefully designed schemes create the same exclusive effect and handmade flavor. But the seams that you have to master are the simplest, accessible even to children.
"Forward a needle." Having fixed the thread on the wrong side, it is brought out to the front, a stitch is made and again brought out to the wrong side. This seam is the main one for all types of embroidery; only its length matters in different techniques.
Beads are sewn with short, literally 2-3 mm stitches “forward needle”, and for smoothness, the length varies depending on the characteristics of the given pattern. On the basis of this stitch, the most complex, at first glance, and exquisite knots, such as, for example, French knots, “curl”.
"Back the needle." The thread fixed on the wrong side is brought out to the front side and a stitch is made 5-7 millimeters long. Having brought the needle to the wrong side, they retreat to the same length, again bring it to the front side and make a stitch in the opposite direction, ending it at the end point of the first stitch.
This stitch is used to secure the threads on the wrong side and introduce new colors into the work, with its help outline the contours and fill in the volumes.
These are the basic stitches on which literally all types of stitches in embroidery are built, regardless of which technique you choose. The main thing is that the stitches lay down exactly “one to one”.
The main types of cross stitch
This technique is unparalleled in its simplicity: just two stitches "needle over" in a mirror image. This simple art has been taught to the princesses of all the royal families of Europe for many centuries. This technique retains a touch of elitism even today; I use it to create elegant interior works – panels and paintings. It is revealed no less interestingly in the finishing of clothes – this trend is now only ascending the fashion catwalks and promises to become a hit in the coming seasons.
There are several types of cross-stitch, differing in the material of execution. Basic, and classic – floss, in several additions. But you can use a variety of materials in this technique – from silk and acrylic to wool. The possibilities of the technique itself depend on the choice of the source material, it opens up endless possibilities for creating works in a variety of styles.
This needlework technique is not in vain considered the main and even “student”. It allows you to effortlessly learn how to hold a needle in your hands, work out the basic techniques and see the composition of the finished work as a whole. But at the same time, it is a self-sufficient and very expressive type of needlework, which allows you to create individual and stylish works. Read more about the intricacies and nuances of this technique here: "Embroidery: light crosses."
Types of satin stitch embroidery
When needlework is called "graceful", first of all, this technique is meant. It would seem that nothing complicated – the stitches are like strokes, you do not need to count the “cells” of the canvas and strictly follow the instructions and diagrams. Indeed, satin is a free technique, in which personal taste and the ability to combine colors are most important, as in professional painting.
The color of the threads and the ability to create a harmonious pattern with their help decide everything in this technique. Moreover, the list of possible materials is limited: only cotton or silk floss. Only they will provide a thin, light and elegant texture of the finished work. Occasionally, this technique is used with woolen yarn.
But there is a type of satin stitch embroidery, to which it owes the definition of “elegant” – this is linen stitch or “tone on tone” embroidery technique. This is how handmade lace is created in the old European traditions – the finest handwork and splendor that takes your breath away. But the technique is based only on impeccable accuracy and a few simple tricks that can be mastered with desire and a little patience for the first experiments. Everything you need to know about this technique is here: "Stitch embroidery: simple secrets of craftsmanship."
Types of embroidery with ribbons
Do you love flowers? In all the splendor of their forms and tenderness of shades. If “yes”, then the tapes are exactly the material that you should get to know better. Floral motifs and compositions are the main theme of any kind of ribbon embroidery.
The technique for performing such work is not simple – it is very simple. You will have to master only two basic stitches, on which compositions of any complexity are built. Works made of silk ribbons look the most elegant and noble. But the most popular, but at the same time no less expressive, and, importantly, affordable material is satin ribbons, presented in an unlimited assortment in any needlework store.
This needlework technique will appeal to those who do not like strict canons and rules. A bold combination of a variety of textures – from organza to silk – is only welcome in it, as well as playing with stitch sizes and ribbon widths. How you personally see the future flower, so it is worth embroidering it.
Ribbons are actively used today in the decoration of accessories – even the simplest models decorated with floral motifs look original, bold and very fresh. This technique opens up no less interesting possibilities in creating stylish things for interior decoration – from wall panels to bonbonnieres and caskets. Where to start and how to achieve a professional level in this technique, you can find out here: "Ribbon embroidery: splendor in simplicity."
Types of beadwork
This technique is preferred by professionals. In it, indeed, you can show off the ability to build magnificent color compositions. The beads are so expressive that even the simplest scheme or drawing taken as the basis of the work turns it into a small masterpiece. The fashion for beads has returned and strengthened on the wave of interest in the vintage style. Today, paintings and panels created in this technique adorn the most relevant and bold interiors, and a beaded handbag claims to be the most fashionable detail of a female image.
The technique of embroidery with beads of any kind does not promise anything complicated. A simple forward stitch and a desire to work with color combinations is all it takes to get started with this technique. Despite the apparent complexity, it is surprisingly simple and easy to implement. It is rightfully considered jewelry, but behind this definition lies the ability to accurately and accurately lay out miniature and simple stitches. The rest will be done by the beads themselves – a magnificent and noble material that creates a rich, rich texture in any work.
Experienced craftswomen, oddly enough, advise you to start working with beads not from miniatures, but immediately take on serious work. The secret lies in the peculiarities of the material itself, it is possible to fully reveal its capabilities only by trying yourself in the embodiment of a serious idea. This technique is really difficult, especially at first to work with small details, so fantasy or abstract motifs with clear, well-read contours will be the best option for mastering this technique. Details on how to start and what you should know in order to reach the heights of craftsmanship: "Beadwork: beauty with your own hands."
Embroidery of any kind and technique does not like fuss and haste. Creating unique works, and any of them is unique, brings not only pride in the magnificent finished work. The choice of drawing and scheme, technique and materials are the first steps into the mysterious, fascinating and open world of embroidery.