Intestinal dysbacteriosis in infants: causes, symptoms and signs in a child, treatment, diet and nutrition

It is with this disease that immunity decreases and various allergic reactions begin, the functioning of the liver and kidneys is disrupted. Therefore, intestinal dysbacteriosis in children should be detected and neutralized as soon as possible with the help of complex replacement rehabilitation treatment.

You can find out all the necessary information about the symptoms of dysbacteriosis in children and treatment in the article on this page – all the signs and methods of therapy are described here in an accessible language. If parents can timely recognize the symptoms of intestinal dysbacteriosis in children, treatment will quickly restore normal microflora and eliminate pathogens.

The proposed methods of using water and folk remedies allow you to normalize the balance of microflora and improve the condition of the intestines. These recommendations can be applied to both children and adults.

What is dysbacteriosis and what causes it

Intestinal dysbacteriosis in infants is a violation of the balance of microflora, when the ratio of beneficial and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms is disturbed, for example, in the intestine. What is it – we will consider in detail in the article.

Having been born, the child enters the world from the absolutely sterile environment of the mother's body, inhabited by a huge number of various microbes. It cannot remain sterile for a long time. Almost immediately after birth, his body begins to be populated by representatives of the microbial world. After the first portion of food enters the stomach, the intestine becomes a habitat for many microorganisms. Their number gradually increases and eventually becomes so significant that for every 3 grams of a child's feces, there are 1 gram of microbes! Living in the intestines of such a number of microbes is very useful not only for microbes, but also for humans. Such a mutually beneficial coexistence of the human body and the microbes that exist in its intestines, called symbiosis, causes a positive reaction.

The reason for the development of intestinal dysbacteriosis in children can be: impaired immunity, antibacterial treatment, the presence of parasites (worms) or pathogenic bacteria in the intestines, poor ecology and stressful situations. Also, the cause of dysbacteriosis may be a situation in which obligate flora cannot exist in the intestine. Some of the necessary bacteria multiply, but some cannot, the balance changes – and dysbacteriosis occurs in infants, leading to negative consequences.

How to recognize the signs and symptoms of dysbiosis

An infant, in whose intestines the quantitative and qualitative composition of the microflora is disturbed, often behaves restlessly, his sleep is disturbed due to painful intestinal spasms, which are paroxysmal in nature and appear 1.5-2 hours after feeding. Almost always, this is accompanied by bloating due to increased gas formation, rumbling along the intestines. Symptoms of dysbacteriosis in a child: due to bloating and a violation of the movement of food through the intestines, regurgitation and vomiting are noted. How to recognize the disease – we will tell later in the article.

Many babies develop persistent constipation against the background of dysbacteriosis, because in the absence of a normal number of bifidobacteria, a substance that stimulates the contractile activity of the intestine is not produced in the proper amount.

Signs of dysbacteriosis in a child can be belching, nausea, heartburn, bloating, diarrhea, constipation (or their alternation), bad taste in the mouth or breath, pain in the abdomen, as well as allergic reactions to harmless foods, low temperature – all these are manifestations in various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and, as a result, dysbacteriosis.

Principles of therapy for dysbacteriosis

Treatment of intestinal dysbacteriosis in children is complex, in close cooperation with a gastroenterologist and the child's parents.

The first stage, in accordance with the principles of therapy, takes place in a hospital and involves a change in the chemical processes in the intestine and the fight against opportunistic flora. In order to suppress the vital activity of opportunistic microflora, it is advisable to use bacteriophages. They are viruses of microbes and, unlike chemical therapeutic agents, act selectively on certain types of bacteria without harming the normal microflora.

The second stage of treatment of dysbacteriosis in infants takes place on an outpatient basis and involves the settlement of live bacterial preparations (probiotics), taking into account age, the state of the intestine, and continues depending on the severity of dysbacteriosis from 1 to 3 months. In order to restore the deficiency of the normal intestinal microflora, probiotics are used – preparations containing live freeze-dried bacteria that help maintain or restore the normal composition of the intestinal microflora.

The third stage provides for an increase in the protective reactions of the body, contributing to the formation of normal intestinal microflora. In order to correct digestive insufficiency, the appointment of enzyme preparations is recommended.

Stimulant diet for intestinal dysbacteriosis in children

The diet for intestinal dysbacteriosis in children is complete in terms of calories and the content of the main physiological ingredients. Meals must be taken at the same time. Meals are as varied as possible. Diet products for dysbacteriosis in children that stimulate the intestinal microflora include:

• products made from wheat, rice, corn, buckwheat, millet;
• vegetables – cabbage, carrots, zucchini, pumpkin, tomatoes;
• fresh fruits;
• meat and fish of low-fat varieties;
• dairy products, vegetable fats;
• for infants, the best nutrition is breast milk, which contains all the necessary nutrients;
• in the absence of milk in the mother, it is preferable to prescribe adapted fermented milk mixtures and health food products: kefir, yogurt, acidophilic mixtures "Baby", "Baby", "Biolact", "Bifilin", "Lactofidus", "Bifidok", "Narine".

An important factor in the treatment of dysbacteriosis is a favorable psychological environment, prolonged exposure to fresh air, prolonged sleep, as well as a diet appropriate for the age of the child.

Food for dysbacteriosis in children

Herbal products recommended in nutrition for dysbacteriosis in children and their therapeutic effect:

herbal products	Action in the gut
Cowberry	Reduces the growth of fungi of the genus Candida
Apricot	Reduces the fermentation process, affects Proteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pomegranate juice	Affects shigella, escherichia
strawberries	Reduces the growth of streptococcus, staphylococcus, enterococcus
dogwood juice	Effective against shigella, salmonella
Cranberry	Prevents fermentation, affects Proteus, Salmonella, Klebsiella, Shigella
Barberry	Affects staphylococcus, streptococcus, shigella, enterococcus
Raspberry	Reduces the growth of staphylococcus, streptococcus, enterococcus, shigella
Blueberry	Reduces the growth of Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Shigella, Proteus, Klebsiella
Rosehip (fruits)	Reduces the growth of staphylococcus, escherichia
Rowan chokeberry	Antimicrobial action
Black currant	Affects Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Proteus, Shigella
Onion	Reduces Escherichia growth
Carnation	Affects Escherichia, Proteus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fungi of the genus Candida
Apples	Reduce the growth of Proteus, Klebsiella, Shigella
Garlic	Affects Proteus, Klebsiella
Horseradish	Antimicrobial action on Proteus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Dill	Reduces the growth of Proteus, Klebsiella
Caraway	Affects Proteus, Klebsiella
black radish	Reduces the growth of Proteus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Capsicum	Affects Proteus, Klebsiella, mushrooms
Carrot	Reduces the growth of salmonella, clostridia, protozoan fungi
Cinnamon	Affects Escherichia, Proteus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fungi of the genus Candida

Honey in the prevention of dysbacteriosis in children

Honey has antimicrobial properties, it has a detrimental effect, mainly on pathogenic, but not on the normal intestinal flora.

This action is said to improve the composition of beneficial bacteria, in contrast to the antibiotic action that is characteristic of most antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum antibiotics, which can destroy all types of bacteria and cause almost complete sterilization of the intestine. Honey is one of the drugs that restores the normal flora without suppressing or killing it.

For the prevention of dysbacteriosis in children, it is recommended to take 60-100 g of honey per day, divided into 3 doses, together with apple juice (1 cup per dose).

With colitis, honey is prescribed both inside and in the form of enemas. For these purposes, take chamomile flowers – 1 tablespoon, honey – 1 teaspoon. The flowers are brewed in a glass of water. After cooling, filter and add honey. The medicine in the form of heat is injected into the rectum twice a day in the amount of 50-100 ml per enema.

Honey in combination with other drugs acts as a mild laxative.

The intestinal microflora of a healthy person

The constant intestinal microflora of a healthy person is represented by 17 families, 45 genera, 500 species. At the same time, obligate "strict" anaerobes (bacteria living without air) reach 1013-1014 / ml and make up to 90% of the microflora, aerobes (bacteria living in the presence of air) are represented in the amount of 8-9%. The mass of all microbial bodies in the intestine reaches 2.5-3 kg, and in 1 g of the contents of the large intestine, more than 2 trillion microorganisms are determined, that is, the number of bacteria in 1 g of the intestinal contents is 300 times higher than the total number of people living on Earth. The share of bacterial bodies accounts for 30-55% of the daily fecal mass. The intestinal microflora plays an important role in the implementation of the formation of immunity, the formation of vitamins, enzymes and other functions. It is involved in the normalization of blood pressure, cholesterol levels in the blood, has anti-cancer, anti-infective action. Failure to perform its functions leads to disruption of various types of metabolism, deficiency of vitamins, trace elements, minerals, weakening of immune defenses.

Probiotics in the treatment and prevention of intestinal dysbacteriosis:

Compound	Name
One-component	Baovestin, bifidumbacterin, biobacton, biosporin, bactisubtil, bioflor, bactisporin, liquid concentrate of bifidobacteria, liquid product with bifidobacteria, colibacterin, sporobacterin, enterol, normoflor, lactobacil, romacol, Narine
Multicomponent	Acilact, acidophilus, bifidolact, bifidin, bifinorm, bifiform, linex
Combined	Acidobak, acipol, bifidumbacterin-forte, bifisil, kipaliz, nutrolin B, bifiform
New	Subalin
Improving metabolism	Hilak forte

Criteria and norms for intestinal microflora:

Microorganisms	CFU per 1 g of faeces
Bifidumbacterin	108-1010
lactobacilli	106-109
Bacteroids	107-109
Peptococci and Peptostreptococci	105-106
Total number of E.coli	106-108
Staphylococci (hemolytic)	No more than 103
Staphylococci (non-hemolytic, epidermal)	104-105
eubacteria	109-1010
Clostridia	103-105
streptococci	105-107
Yeast-like mushrooms	No more than 103
Opportunistic enterobacteria and non-fermenting Gram-negative rods	No more than 103-104

Effective folk remedies for dysbacteriosis in a child

Effective laxatives for constipation can be used as folk remedies for dysbacteriosis in a child to facilitate the process of formation and discharge of feces:

• Buckthorn alder (bark) — 30 g,
• common yarrow (grass) – 10 g,
• stinging nettle (leaves) – 20 g;
• senna (leaves) – 30 g,
• buckthorn (bark) – 20 g,
• joster (fruits) – 20 g,
• anise (fruits) – 30 g,
• licorice (root) – 30 g;
• buckthorn (bark) – 40 g,
• licorice (root) – 5 g,
• coriander (fruits) – 5 g.

How to use: brew a tablespoon of the collection in a glass of boiling water, leave for 20 minutes, strain through cheesecloth and take 1/2-3/4 cup at night for constipation.

• Black elderberry (flowers) – 50 g,
• laxative joster (fruits) – 50 g.

Take 1 glass of decoction 2 times a day after meals in the morning and evening for constipation.

• Buckthorn alder (bark) — 50 g,
• black elderberry (flowers) – 20 g,
• fennel ordinary (fruits) – 20 g,
• anise ordinary (fruits) – 10 g.

Take 1 glass of infusion after meals for constipation.

• Buckthorn alder (bark) — 60 g,
• anise ordinary (fruits) – 10 g,
• fennel ordinary (fruits) – 10 g,
• licorice naked (root) – 20 g.

Take 1 / 4-1 / 3 cups of infusion 2 times a day after meals for constipation.

• Buckthorn alder (bark) — 15 g,
• licorice naked (root) – 15 g,
• fennel ordinary (fruits) -15 g,
• marshmallow (root) – 25 g,
• flaxseed (not crushed) – 30 g.

Take 1 / 2-2 / 3 cups of infusion 1 time per day after meals in the evening for constipation associated with intestinal atony.

Water treatment for constipation in dysbacteriosis in a child

Cold, toning sitz baths 20-22 °C 1-3 minutes. You need to dive into such a bath very slowly and carefully. First, the torso must be wiped, and the head should be moistened with cold water to avoid a rush of blood to the head. At first, the blood vessels of the abdominal organs will narrow and the blood will be drained, and then they will expand, and the blood will begin to flow back; the functions of the abdominal organs are activated, the metabolic processes in them improve, intestinal lethargy is eliminated. Treatment of constipation with dysbacteriosis in a child with water and baths gives a positive lasting effect.

A cool toning shower on the abdomen for several minutes at home is possible with a flexible shower hose. Strong jets of cold water are directed to the stomach, then rub the stomach with your hands. It is recommended to restore the lost reflex to emptying before the desired bowel emptying time 1 time per day.

Treatment with water for spasms of the intestines.

Hot relaxing sitz baths, 40-41°C, 15-20 minutes. When taking a bath, add hot water so that the temperature does not drop. When finished, do a cool douche (20-25 ° C). Full hot baths are done in the same way as sitting baths, once a week before going to bed for a month. After the bath, they douse themselves with cool water and, without drying themselves, lie down in bed.

Compresses on the stomach.

Compresses on the stomach – cold for atonic and hot for constipation – can be done if there are no conditions for water procedures. The effectiveness of compresses is much weaker than other procedures, but they can be carried out for a long time.

A course of training enemas in a child.

In the morning on an empty stomach they give a cool liquid, then after hygiene measures, the sick child has breakfast. After eating, a cleansing enema with water at room temperature is placed. The volume of the enema depends on the severity of changes in the colon at a remote level, which is visually determined during the procedure (average 100-150 ml). This procedure is carried out for 1-1.5 months. Then, to reinforce the results obtained, glycerin suppositories can be used in a short course. In the future, the patient continues to take cool drinks in the morning on an empty stomach and tries to have a daily stool at the same time, after breakfast. This procedure allows you to develop a daily conditioned reflex to stool, makes the act of emptying the intestines complete and painless. Training enemas are especially indicated for children with complicated variants of constipation.

Conscious psychological correction of stability.

A steel fortress is pouring into my psyche, into all my nerves, a strong steel force is pouring into my personality. An indestructible spiritual force pours into me. I am a man of irresistible steel will. Will shines in my eyes, and all people who come into contact with me feel it in me. I am a brave man, firmly confident in myself, I dare everything, I can do everything and I am not afraid of anything. In the midst of all worldly hurricanes and storms, I stand unshakably, like a rock against which everything is crushed. I know for sure that if all the difficulties suddenly fall on me at once, they will still not crush my mighty will. And so I look the world in the face, fearing nothing, and among all the opposing forces, I unwaveringly stand for a healthy lifestyle. Every day I persistently assimilate the mood for a healthy lifestyle, constantly overcome all the opposing forces, who try to disrupt my healthy lifestyle, I create a powerful defense for my healthy lifestyle. I hate with the strongest fierce hatred everything that opposes a healthy lifestyle. I constantly maintain full combat readiness to overcome all harmful influences. I know for sure that a person, inspired by the idea of ​​healing, surpasses all the elements of nature, all opposing forces, and in spite of all opposing influences, maintains a healthy lifestyle. I'm setting myself up for a vibrant, healthy young life now, ten years from now, thirty years from now, and fifty years from now. I tune in to the constant build-up of strong-willed efforts in the struggle for a healthy lifestyle and thereby constantly increase the margin of reliability, strength of a sober lifestyle. I feel like I'm getting healthier, getting stronger, and this fills my whole being with the joy of life. I have a long joyful young life ahead of me, and this fills my whole being with the joy of life, the triumphant strength of youth. Huge energy is in full swing throughout the body, all internal organs work energetically, cheerfully, my gait is cheerful, fast, I clearly feel the gallantry. Despite all the difficulties, I unshakably maintain excellent health and a cheerful cheerful mood. There is always a cheerful smile on my face, spring always blooms in me, and the sunny joy of life fills both soul and body. An unquenchable cheerful light always burns in my eyes. Irresistible will of steel glows in my eyes. I am a brave man, firmly confident in myself, I dare everything, I can do everything and I am not afraid of anything. I can lead a healthy lifestyle against all opposing forces. I feel invisibly stronger than all harmful influences. My whole life is filled with the joy of constant victory over all obstacles. I am becoming more cheerful every day.